The detection of H5N1 avian influenza (bird flu) in a pig on an Oregon farm has again raised concerns specifically among virologists who monitor infectious diseases. Although this might seem insignificant compared to the extensive impact bird flu has had on wildlife and agriculture globally, including mass die-offs of seabirds, sea lions, and even a new disease in U.S. dairy cattle, the presence of H5N1 in a pig holds potential for broader public health implications. To understand why scientists are particularly cautious about bird flu appearing in pigs, it’s essential to delve into the unique role pigs can play in viral evolution and pandemic potential.