- Growth does reduce poverty, but some growth is better than others. Agricultural growth is best, coupled with land reforms.
- Growth doesn't necessarily improve/worsen equity. Societies which begin with some equality can grow and reduce poverty faster.
- Liberalisation helps growth. But up to 40 per cent of the people, mainly the poor, may be unaffected. So countries could go slow, sequence reforms and give them time to adjust.
- Liberalisation has hidden costs - volatility, instability, crises - affecting the poor more. Governments can minimise such risks.
- What the poor need most is political access, even in democracies, and empowerment.
- Global bodies should spend money on aids research or farm tech, which helps the poor. They should leave aid money to governments and not bother with monitoring and efficiency.