The real trouble with Kashmir’s ancient history is that it is very sketchy. This is a very critical shortcoming that made this discipline vulnerable to exploitation for political ends in the modern times. So much has changed over the past four years in Kashmir. Concomitant to these major political shifts is also calibrated reorientation of debates pertaining to Kashmir’s political identity with a specific emphasis over the kind of “civilisational” values that Kashmir is perceived as embodying.
Thus last year, Tarun Vijay, an RSS ideologue who formerly headed National Monuments Authority (NMA), while conferring recognition to a newly refurbished 8th century temple structure in Srinagar, said that such “monuments tell the truth and their preservation is like preserving a nation’s memory” which the “invaders and terrorists” were plotting to efface. “Kashmir’s monuments,” he went on, “tell us about our identity and civilisational flow.”
In his farewell address in May last year, one former General Officer Commanding (GOC) of Srinagar based 15 Corps of the Indian Army, deplored that, “Kashmir was a land of abundance and driver of its own destiny till the 13th century,” he said, alluding to the specific point in Kashmir’s history marked by transition towards Islam. “In a sad turn of events, Kashmiris lost control over their destiny to foreign tyrants and invaders.”
Not far behind from politicians and soldiers, one historian conveniently repurposed her work (criticised by the scholars as being sloppy) on Rajatarangini, a 12th century commentary on Kashmiri kings, in defence of revocation of J&K’s special status. Not only are these narratives loaded with political bias, they are also very sweeping, and sometimes, frankly bogus.
But thanks to a scholarly new book ‘The Making of Early Kashmir: Intercultural Networks And Identity Formation’, by two very distinguished academics from Kashmir, it is now possible to see through this deception.
Muhammad Ashraf Wani and Aman Ashraf Wani, the two authors, have truly succeeded in writing the first longue durée history on ancient Kashmir, casting a scholarly light on the Palaeolithic, Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods, and mapping the journey down the temporal scale — through the rule of Graeco-Bactrians, Saka-Parthians, Kidarites, Huns, Karkotas, Utapalas, and the Loharas.