The past is evoked more deliberately in what actress and critic Marie Seton calls the Zamindar films. She cites Jalsaghar (The Music Room, 1958), Devi (The Goddess, 1960) and Monihara (The Lost Jewels, 1961) under this category but I would also like to include Ghare Baire in it. Ray had an intimate knowledge of the old landowning class of Bengal because he himself came from that class, and also from his reading of Tagore. And so did Tagore. It is one of the paradoxes of Bengal history that much of the initiative towards modernism and the creation of the western scientific temper and the rationalist impulse came from the feudal aristocracy, including Ray’s own ancestors.
It is safe to assume, then, that in Ray there was not only an understanding of this class but a fair bit of sympathy as well, even when he sets out to critique some of their negative traits. Both Bishwambhar Roy of Jalsaghar and Kalikinkar Roy of Devi were anachronisms and, Bishwambhar Roy more so of the two. In the twilight of his life, almost at the edge of penury, surrounded by dust-covered decaying objects of grandeur in his stately but crumbling mansion, he lives alone but for two faithful retainers, with his memories of a glorious past. His visions of past glory comprise him riding his white charger dressed in the fineries of a feudal lord, his elephant tied at the gate of his mansion teeming with people and, of course, in the glittering soirees that he used to hold in the music room of his mansion, for an assembly of his peers. In the present, he refuses to come to terms with and persists in his folly that it was a prerogative of only this class to enjoy the good things in life, including the patronage of classical music and dance.