Dr Gautam Nath- What Is GERD (Acid Reflux)? What Happens If Reflux Is Left Untreated 

Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid flows back into the food pipe, causing that burning sensation known as heartburn. If you experience frequent acid reflux, it might be a sign of GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease).

Many people suffer from GERD symptoms like heartburn, coughing, wheezing, or hoarseness without realizing it. GERD is a severe digestive condition where stomach acids flow back into the food pipe, potentially harming sensitive tissues.

Normally, stomach acid helps with digestion, and a protective lining in the stomach prevents the acids from damaging the tissues of the stomach. A muscle ring present at the end of the food pipe opens to allow food and drink into the stomach and then tightens to keep acid where it belongs. However, when the muscle ring relaxes too often or too much, stomach acid escapes into the food pipe. Since no protective lining is present in the food pipe, the acid damages the cells and tissues and causes GERD.

Untreated GERD can lead to severe complications. One common issue is esophagitis. It is the inflammation of the food pipe causing consistent burning pain and difficulty swallowing. Over time, it can lead to ulcers and bleeding. Repeated episodes of esophagitis can result in scarring and narrowing of the food pipe, causing severe health issues.

Prolonged exposure to stomach acid can also lead to changes in the food pipe lining, a condition called Barrett's esophagus. Alarmingly, 2% to 5% of individuals with Barrett's esophagus may develop cancer.

If you suspect you might have GERD, it's crucial to consult a gastroenterologist. Taking action to "Guard against GERD" and seeking suitable treatment as and when necessary is crucial for your overall health and well-being.

Don't ignore persistent acid reflux – it's time to address

Issued in Public Interest by Dr.Reddy's Laboratories LTD