Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease affecting millions worldwide.
It is a "wear and tear" condition generally associated with aging.
The prevalence increased substantially with age, from 9.7% among people aged 45–54 to 36% of those aged 75 and over.23
Recognizing the early warning signs of OA and understanding its progression is crucial for early intervention and effective management.
The earliest symptom of OA is often joint pain, which may initially be mild or intermittent. It typically worsens with activity and improves with rest.
Joint stiffness, particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity, is another warning sign of OA. This stiffness usually lasts less than 30 minutes and tends to improve with movement.
As OA progresses, individuals may notice a gradual decrease in their joint's range of motion. This can manifest as difficulty bending, straightening, or fully extending the affected joint.
Some people with OA may experience a grating sensation or popping sound when moving the affected joint. This sensation is caused by the roughening of joint surfaces due to cartilage loss.
Swelling and Tendernessand warmth around the affected joint, more pronounced after periods of activity or prolonged use of the joint.
Muscle weakness and joint instability may develop as OA progresses, making it challenging to perform daily activities such as walking, climbing stairs, or grasping objects.