In 2002, Bangladesh became the first country in the world to ban the use of plastic bags. Several nations have since followed suit, even though restrictive measures have, at best, achieved mixed success overall in limiting plastic usage. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), by 2018, 127 countries have "enacted some form of national legislation to address the problem of plastic bags". And, after a UN Environment Assembly at Nairobi in 2019, 170 countries have vowed to "significantly reduce" the use of plastic.