In a tweet, the Andaman and Nicobar Command said the test-firing was carried out on Wednesday.
The Andaman and Nicobar Command is the only tri-services command of the Indian armed forces.
"#IndianNavy & #ANC yet again demonstrate #CombatReadiness by successfully destroying target at sea through #AntiShip version of #BrahMos at A&N Islands on 27 Apr," it said.
Last month, the Indian Navy successfully test-fired an advanced version of the Brahmos missile from a stealth destroyer in the Indian Ocean.
BrahMos Aerospace, an India-Russian joint venture, produces supersonic cruise missiles that can be launched from submarines, ships, aircraft, or land platforms.
BrahMos missile flies at a speed of 2.8 Mach or almost three times the speed of sound.
The range of the advanced version of the missile is learnt to have been extended to around 350 km from the original 290 km.
